{"id":315,"date":"2023-03-22T08:31:17","date_gmt":"2023-03-22T00:31:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/124.220.135.113\/?p=315"},"modified":"2023-03-29T14:30:38","modified_gmt":"2023-03-29T06:30:38","slug":"gcp-rtk-ppk%ef%bc%9a%e5%93%aa%e4%b8%aa%e6%9b%b4%e5%a5%bd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/124.220.135.113\/?p=315","title":{"rendered":"GCPs, RTK, PPK\uff1a\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u66f4\u597d ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u822a\u6d4b\u4e2d\u51c6\u786e\u786e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8bb0\u5f55\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662fRTK \u548cPPK\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u65b9\u5f0f\u90fd\u65e8\u5728\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u6700\u9002\u5408\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u9664\u4e86 RTK \u6280\u672f\u548c PPK \u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5730\u9762\u63a7\u5236\u70b9 (GCP) \u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u6d4b\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u89e3\u6bcf\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u548c\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u51fa\u660e\u667a\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u5e76\u9009\u62e9\u6b63\u786e\u7684GNSS\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u5176\u7279\u5b9a\u5e94\u7528\u6240\u9700\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u5ea6\u548c\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6c34\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5730\u9762\u63a7\u5236\u70b9 (GCP) \u662f\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u6d4b\u7ed8\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u63d0\u9ad8\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u5730\u7406\u53c2\u8003\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002 \u4ece\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0cGCP \u662f\u5212\u5b9a\u5728\u5730\u7403\u8868\u9762\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u5176\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5df2\u77e5\uff0c\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:30px\"><strong>1. \u5730\u9762\u63a7\u5236\u70b9 Ground control points (GCPs)&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/124.220.135.113\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/GCP-1024x247.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-318\" width=\"670\" height=\"161\" srcset=\"http:\/\/124.220.135.113\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/GCP-1024x247.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/124.220.135.113\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/GCP-300x72.jpg 300w, http:\/\/124.220.135.113\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/GCP-768x186.jpg 768w, http:\/\/124.220.135.113\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/GCP-1536x371.jpg 1536w, http:\/\/124.220.135.113\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/GCP-1170x283.jpg 1170w, http:\/\/124.220.135.113\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/GCP.jpg 1747w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 670px) 100vw, 670px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u5730\u9762\u63a7\u5236\u70b9\u7684\u6837\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u7ea2\u8272\u7684\u6807\u8bb0<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65e0\u4eba\u673a GPS \u6570\u636e\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u70b9\u3002 GCP \u901a\u5e38\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5728\u6d4b\u533a\u5185\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u6d4b\u533a\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u8986\u76d6\u5ea6\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528 GCP\uff0c\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u6d4b\u56fe\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u4e9a\u5398\u7c73\u7ea7\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u571f\u5730\u6d4b\u91cf\u548c\u5efa\u7b51\u5de5\u5730\u6d4b\u7ed8\u7b49\u5e94\u7528\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 GCP \u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\u3002 \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e GCP \u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8017\u65f6\u8017\u529b\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u4eba\u529b\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u53bb\u5e03\u7f6e\u6807\u8bb0\u3002 \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5730\u5f62\u4e0d\u5e73\u5766\u6d4b\u533a\uff0c\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u5f88\u8270\u5de8\u7684\u3002 \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 GCP \u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u540e\u5904\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u624d\u80fd\u5c06\u70b9\u7684\u5730\u9762\u5750\u6807\u4e0e\u5176\u771f\u5b9e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:30px\">2. <strong>GCP\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848-RTK\uff0cPPK<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u7834\u9664\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u65b0\u7684GNSS \u6821\u6b63\u6280\u672f\u4f5c\u4e3aGCP \u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u4f7f\u7528\u5b9e\u65f6\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6821\u6b63\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u5728\u5730\u9762\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7269\u7406\u6807\u8bb0\u3002 \u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u6d4b\u7ed8\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u8bbe\u7f6e\u548c\u540e\u5904\u7406\u6240\u9700\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u4eba\u529b\u3002GNSS\u6821\u6b63\u6280\u672f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528GNSS\u63a5\u6536\u5668\u4ea7\u751f\u7cbe\u786e\u3001\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6570\u636e\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 \u5b83\u5df2\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u884c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ece\u5de5\u4f5c\u73b0\u573a\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5de5\u5177\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u8fd9\u9879\u6280\u672f\u624d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6d4b\u7ed8\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u7684\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u63d0\u4f9b\uff0c\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u6d4b\u7ed8\u7ea7\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6570\u636e\u3002RTK\u4e0ePPK\u7684GNSS\u4fee\u6b63\u6280\u672f\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u76ee\u6807\u76f8\u540c\uff1a\u63d0\u9ad8GNSS\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002 RTK \u901a\u8fc7\u4ece GNSS \u536b\u661f\u5230\u5730\u9762\u7ad9\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf9 \u65e0\u4eba\u673aGNSS \u4f4d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u6821\u6b63\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0cPPK \u4f7f\u7528\u540e\u5904\u7406\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e8b\u540e GNSS\u6570\u636e\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002 \u5176 GNSS \u6570\u636e\u662f\u5728\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u98de\u884c\u671f\u95f4\u6536\u96c6\u7684\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u540e\u5904\u7406\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5176\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">\u4e3a\u7279\u5b9a\u822a\u6d4b\u9879\u76ee\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6821\u6b63\u6280\u672f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u4e86\u89e3 RTK \u548c PPK \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u80fd\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u548c\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u6d4b\u91cf\u5458\u624d\u80fd\u5c31\u54ea\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u505a\u51fa\u660e\u667a\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:30px\"><strong>RTK<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>RTK \u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u914d\u5907\u673a\u8f7d GNSS RTK \u63a5\u6536\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ece\u536b\u661f\u548c\u5730\u9762 GNSS \u57fa\u7ad9\u6355\u83b7\u539f\u59cb\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6570\u636e\u3002 \u5730\u9762\u7ad9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u8003\u70b9\uff0c\u5728\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u98de\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5b9e\u65f6\u6821\u6b63\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002 \u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u6821\u6b63\u53ef\u786e\u4fdd\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u4e0d\u65ad\u83b7\u53d6\u5176 RTK \u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6570\u636e\uff0cRTK \u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u79f0\u4e3a\u8f7d\u6ce2\u76f8\u4f4d\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u8be5\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4b\u91cf\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684 GNSS\u536b\u661f\u4e0e\u57fa\u7ad9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u76f8\u4f4d\u5dee\u3002 \u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u76f8\u4f4d\u5dee\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u4e0e\u5730\u9762\u7ad9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002\u4e3a\u786e\u4fdd\u51c6\u786e\u6027\uff0cRTK \u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u79f0\u4e3a\u5927\u6c14\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u6280\u672f\u8865\u507f\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u4e0e GPS \u536b\u661f\u4e4b\u95f4\u4fe1\u53f7\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u5927\u6c14\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002 \u8fd9\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u7535\u79bb\u5c42\u548c\u5bf9\u6d41\u5c42\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u7ea0\u6b63\u4e86\u536b\u661f\u65f6\u949f\u6216\u8f68\u9053\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u8bef\u5dee\u3002\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6570\u636e\u5b9e\u65f6\u4f20\u8f93\u5230\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u51c6\u786e\u5bfc\u822a\u548c\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0cRTK 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\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f18\u52bf\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u5404\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u7edd\u4f73\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u548c\u51c6\u786e\u5ea6\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u867d\u7136 RTK \u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e3a\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u6d4b\u7ed8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u9879\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u4f46\u7528\u6237\u4e5f\u5e94\u6ce8\u610f\u4e00\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>RTK \u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u5bf9\u57fa\u7ad9\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u3001\u8303\u56f4\u6709\u9650\u3001\u5bf9 GPS \u536b\u661f\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u4ee5\u53ca\u9ad8\u6210\u672c\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u5176\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6216\u5177\u6709\u6311\u6218\u6027\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002 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PPK \u6210\u4e3a\u57fa\u7ad9\u53d7\u9650\u4e0d\u5229\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0cPPK\u4e5f\u6709\u4ed6\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002PPK\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b9e\u65f6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u540e\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u5750\u6807\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u8017\u65f6\uff0c\u540e\u5904\u7406\u6240\u9700\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5c06\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u6821\u6b63\u56e0\u5b50\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u5f85\u540e\u671f\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6570\u636e\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4e0e RTK \u4e00\u6837\uff0cPPK 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data-align=\"center\">\u5bf9\u57fa\u7ad9\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u9700\u8981\u57fa\u7ad9\u63d0\u4f9b\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u57fa\u7ad9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u4e0e\u57fa\u7ad9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u8981\u6c42\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u8fde\u63a5<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u65e0\u9700\u8fde\u63a5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u5de5\u4f5c\u8303\u56f4<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">10km\u8303\u56f4\u5185<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u53ef\u5927\u4e8e10km<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">RTK \u4e0e PPK 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